Many types of data protection are available. There are hardware-based, but most are software-based.
- Encryption: Encrypting files and databases is the last line of defense for sensitive data; can be either hardware or software based;
- Data erasure: software to completely overwrite all traces of data; more secure than simple deletion;
- Data masking: hides personally identifiable information (PII), allowing teams to conduct application development or training using real data;
- Data discovery and classification: automates the process of identifying and assessing sensitive information and then remediating vulnerabilities;
- Data and file activity monitoring: these tools analyze data usage patterns so that security can identify risks and anomalies and determine who is accessing data; dynamic blocking and alerts can also be deployed;
- Vulnerability assessment/risk analysis: These tools detect and remediate vulnerabilities such as misconfiguration or weak passwords; can identify data sources at risk;
- Automated compliance reporting: data protection solutions with automated reporting capabilities can provide a centralized repository for enterprise-wide compliance checks;
- It’s important to note that while encryption is one of the best ways to protect data, software encryption is easier to bypass or remove than hardware encryption. If you are serious about using encryption in your organization’s data protection strategy, invest in hardware encryption solutions.
Data protection tools and technologies must understand where data resides, track who is accessing it, and block unwanted transactions such as high-risk activities and dangerous file moves.
A comprehensive data protection strategy involves people, processes and technology. Both work culture and toolkits are important to establish appropriate controls and policies. Only a holistic approach to data protection can ensure it is prioritized across the enterprise.
